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WASHINGTON (Reuters) ? French Finance Minister Christine Lagarde on Tuesday clinched the top job at the IMF, keeping the international lender in the hands of a European at a time of growing concern over a possible Greek debt default.

Lagarde, who starts her five-year term as managing director on July 5, will find herself immediately immersed in efforts by the IMF and European Union to head off a Greek default that could touch off an international crisis.

Minutes after her appointment, Lagarde pressed Greece to move quickly to push through unpopular austerity measures that the IMF and EU say are a prerequisite for further aid.

"If I have one message tonight about Greece, it is to call on the Greek political opposition to support the party that is currently in power in a spirit of national unity," she told TF1 television.

Global stocks rose and the euro rallied as financial markets grew increasingly confident Greece's parliament would approve the five-year austerity program this week, which would unleash a 12 billion euro aid tranche from the IMF and EU.

Lagarde, 55, the first woman to head the IMF, succeeds Dominique Strauss-Kahn, who resigned from the IMF in May to defend himself against charges of sexual assault against a New York hotel maid. He denies the charges.

Her skills as a tough negotiator with a reputation for sealing deals under pressure will carry weight as she moves from defending France's economic interests to overseeing a global institution that must be seen as a neutral player around the world.

The succession race was one of the most hotly contested in IMF history as emerging market nations expressed displeasure with the 64-year tradition of having a European head the IMF and an American lead its sister institution, the World Bank.

The IMF board moved ahead despite lingering concerns about an unresolved legal case in France looking at Lagarde's role in a 2008 arbitration payout to a French businessman.

Lagarde said on Tuesday she was "completely unconcerned" by the case. A top French court has put off a decision on the matter until July 8.

The IMF may decide not to offer Lagarde a contract until the court makes a final decision, one board source said.

In a Financial Times blog post, Mohamed El-Erian, chief executive of Pimco, the world's largest bond investor, said Lagarde would need to show the IMF's efforts to help distressed European countries were not politically motivated.

He said she would need to prepare for the possibility the IMF could face losses from the large bailout loans it made in recent years, including 30 billion euros for Greece.

Lagarde must also show a commitment to meritocracy by eliminating some nationality-based appointments, El-Erian added, citing the No.2 position at the fund which traditionally goes to an American.

Washington is already considering naming White House advisor David Lipton to succeed John Lipsky as IMF second in command at the end of August, according to sources close to the discussions.

FINDING CONSENSUS

Lagarde's selection over Mexico's Central Bank Governor Agustin Carstens was assured after the United States made its support clear, and emerging market economies China, Brazil, India and Russia did the same.

The United States, worried about the possibility of contagion from the Greek crisis, had cautioned that the appointment of the next IMF chief should not be delayed.

French President Nicolas Sarkozy called the news of Lagarde's appointment "a victory for France."

Carstens said he hoped Lagarde would pursue "meaningful progress in strengthening the governance of the institution, so as to assure its legitimacy, cohesiveness, and ultimately, its effectiveness."

Developing countries, resentful over a process that favored a European from the start, said they would hold Lagarde to her promise of giving them more voting power in the fund.

Emerging markets have long called for greater say in the IMF to reflect their growing weight in the global economy. They have threatened to leave the IMF's fold unless imbalances in the fund's voting power are corrected.

Strauss-Kahn pushed through changes in voting power that benefited mainly larger emerging economies like China, India and Brazil, but not as much as they had wanted.

"RIGGED SYSTEM"

Brazil's Finance Minister Guido Mantega said Brazil backed Lagarde because she vowed to continue raising the profile of emerging markets.

"Our support is for her to be a manager not of Europe's problems but of the world's. We will be watching out for this from the first day," Mantega said at a regional trade meeting in Paraguay.

In justifying why India had gone with Lagarde in the end, Indian Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee told Reuters it was in part because it wanted to be part of the consensus that had formed around her.

Speaking while on a visit to Washington, Mukherjee said the IMF's selection process should have been more transparent but he believed Lagarde was a worthy candidate.

Arvind Subramanian, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute in Washington, said emerging economies had missed a golden opportunity to force change at the IMF helm by failing to rally around Carstens or by putting up their own consensus candidate.

"It is a rigged system that needs to change but ... the only reason the outcome didn't match what (developing nations) wanted was because emerging market countries did not grab the opportunity," Subramanian said.

Global development group Oxfam said Lagarde's appointment was "farcical" and had damaged the credibility of the IMF.

"There were noises made about openness, but the decision was made before the candidates were interviewed," said Sarah Wynn-Williams, Oxfam's head of relations with the IMF and World Bank.

(Additional reporting by Glenn Somerville and David Lawder in Washington, Luciana Lopez in Brasilia, Alexandria Sage and Catherine Bremer in Paris and Mariel Cristaldo and Guido Nejamkis in Paraguay)

(Editing by Paul Simao, Jan Paschal and Andrew Hay)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/mexico/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20110628/ts_nm/us_imf

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If you really wanted to undergo such beauty treatment, worry no more if think it will be too luxurious. There are varieties of discounts out in the market where you can avail to avoid putting a hole in your pocket. This only tells us that having this is not anymore expensive but it can be very cheap due to these marketing tactics.

Did I mention the discount for allowing before-and-after pictures to be posted on the web? These are the hard-sell tactics revealed in an investigation into cosmetic surgery. It was conducted by consumer group Choice, which sent three women to 30 clinics ? half in Sydney, half in Brisbane, where most cosmetic surgery is performed in Australia. The women inquired about liposuction, breast augmentation and Botox.

The bias toward better-looking people is cruel, but it is a fact of life. As jobs disappear, the Adonis is more likely to find work than a hag is. This is the sad truth in midst of our society, the important thing that we should learn is to accept the fact that we needed a little enhancement brought by these important technology. You will not be suffering the same old feeling if you try changing a little bit on your appearance, after all, there?s no really harm on trying things.

According to Reuters, doctors are seeing increased interest in surgery among people ?wanting to look younger and ?fresher? for the ever-competitive job market.?

Everyone will tell you, ?You need a boob job!?. Why? ?Because according to them it will boost your chances of finding a man. Well this advice is kind of too nasty but in reality this operation might really work in your search of your lifetime partner. There are many accounts in the internet or should I say confessions wherein people were very happy with the result that they got out of the said cosmetic surgery.

The situation here in the Philippines is a great example of Reuters study on the increasing number of interest on the said treatment. Cosmetic surgery in the Philippines became on hype after all the campaigns and promotions of some leading cosmetic surgeon in the country. Cosmetic surgeons in the Philippines took advantage of the newly breed technology and brought to life the possibility that anyone and everyone can become better in terms of their appearances. This also brought many pleasant effects to the people who really need to change their life, positively. Change not only in finding the right job for you but also in looking for the right person.

In this cramped job market, women-boosting-their-looks-to-compete is now a trend. Looks play a role. According to the American Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, there were about 355,000 breast augmentations performed in the United States last year. A significant percentage of these patients were, in fact, female lawyers?or at least that?s what the plastic surgeons we consulted told us. While no doctor would identify their patients by name, they all confirmed ?a decent percentage? of their clients were lawyers.

Source: http://articleresource.org/self-improvement/the-magic-of-cosmetic-surgery-205680

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sports sunglasses polarized
Buying sunglasses is polarized necessary?

Im planning on buying some good durable sunglasses. I usually buy cheap 2 for $20 at the mall but Ive broke and gone through so many pairs. Ive looked at Sunglasses Hut and found brands like Oakley, Revo, and Ray band. For me $150+ is to expansive and the name brands that are polarized were even more expensive like $250. So I checked one sporting goods store and found reasonable Under Armour from $79-130 with life time warranty. Everyone was trying to sell me the polarized lenses are they a must? Do they really prevent glare? Do they help the eyes? What really is Polarized? thanks

1. Polarization does not protect you from UV. It cuts glare. that?s it. UV protection is a function of the lens material. Polarization is a filter that blocks out light coming from a certain direction. Thus it is able to block glare.
#2. All Polarization is not created the same. REvo, Ray Ban, and most other manufacturers produce polarized lenses by sandwiching a polarization film in between two lenses. This causes some minor distortion. Oakley is one of the only manufacturers that actually does not do the sandwich method. The polarization is integrated into the lens itself.
#3. POlarization is not worth it unless you are in high glare situation like, Water Sports, fishing, baseball, driving (cuts reflections for oncoming windscreens, etc.). Many private pilots prefer NON-Polarized lenses b/e their instruments are already polarized (double polarization blocks what you are trying to see) and b/e they want to see the glint of sunlight off of the windshields of other planes).
#4. Try on the polarized glasses first. There is a very small portion of the population that cannot wear polarized lenses. It will give them a headache. before you spend the $$$ on polarized sunglasses, make sure you?re not part of this sliver of the population.

HTH
D

Oakley Frogskins Polarized Sport Sunglasses

Source: http://www.gandwco.com/sports-sunglasses-polarized/

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Therapy? Who needs therapy? Well, we all do ? yes! Because we all lost our integrity, consistency of the part of the source, which we were created. How can we lose? Like water, if our consciousness the material level, the physical body is achieved, it will form a solid block and fragments into a host of droplets. These droplets are lost in space, so to speak, and we are lost. Since our model is the whole, we try very quickly to return to him. This is where things getunorganized and organized for our future need spiritual therapy.

When we go home and press the unknown material, to take the plunge and fragment, we are appalled ? to say the least! Huge amount of fear generated, and the enormous amount of fear-based thoughts are thrown as a result. Again in our attempt to ensure the integrity after our separation, we take all these kinds of thoughts about fear that we have in the Gulf region, and then only as a basic part of us. Settle over time more and deeperencrusted models, which are confused and struggling ironic! We defend this new found identity, most of us, as we have our one and only.

Up and end this drama, and the bare survival, we are creating a plethora of defenders or pseudo recovered and put into force to ensure a company (energy) only the task that stay in the pseudo-structure, the "personality": the Ego! The ego is literally formed and trained to support the definition of new cells and has more thanSometimes they are very smart and hard! So here we are confused with all our models, defended by a trained super-ego and think that we know ourselves, and the struggle to stay in this artificial and precarious balance.

We lived like that for so long that it seems almost normal ? "C'est la vie", which is the life, as they say. We do our best, knowing deep down inside that something is wrong, and do not understand why. We deal with our pain or not, us with all sorts of diversions andCompensation looking outside ourselves for temporary relief and deny our feelings in the best manner possible. After a while ', I'm talking about the life and times of life time of this ongoing saga, it is ready to wake up from this situation.

This is the time, you guessed it, comes the need for a "spiritual therapy" comes into play. The stimulus for the recovery of even more intense and irresistible. It begins to look inward and ways to heal, to find the lost pieces again. Theis a subconscious drive to left. Our soul is in progress and will be fed. Our Essence can not be denied or left, must go! This is the turning point in the life of a man, after which there is no return. There is an ongoing process of constant re-appear to be unstoppable; trans mutate along the way, all parts hastily devoured the first day of creation!

Source: http://self-improvement-spirituality.chailit.com/wellness-keys-improvement-spiritual-therapy-self-recovery-and-life-2.html

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Common contraceptive implants medication does have a spread of remedies for depression. Not everyone believes in them though. There are individuals who select to disagree with the type of technique that treating with chemical substances takes. For these people, there is a full spectrum of different medicine melancholy therapies obtainable ? proper from herbs like St. John?s Wort to strategies that would possibly be right out there like art therapy. Why do folks attempt to use thesewhen there are so many merely obtainable customary antidepressants on the market? Typically, it?s merely as a result of folks discover that antidepressants, regardless of what range of they attempt, merely do not work for them. These various ways could not work for most folks either ? however they really are nicely value a strive.

Let?s begin with one of the crucial reliable different medicine despair remedies obtainable ? the herb St. John?s Wort. For those who had been in Europe, you would need a physician?s prescription to come back by any of these things (but they are doing freely sell weed). In America, it?s merely seen to be a harmless herb and you may get it at any drugstore or general division store. It is not expensive both ? only perhaps $12 a package. St. John?s Wort isn?t that outside of the mainstream either. In Europe, it truly is sort of mainstream, therefore extensively is it used. The best issue regarding it is that it will not come with any of the facet effects that regular antidepressants return with ? it doesn?t make you sleepy for example. Once all, it does not work for everybody (simply the same like all expensive permitted antidepressant). You might strive this for a whereas to determine how it goes. Merely make positive that you do not use this alongside of regular mainstream net send if your doctor prescribes.

In case you are attempting to search out a treatment in different drugs, homeopathy can truly aid you; however there are some customary kinds of self-care that you?d create use of too. All the time make positive that you just wash yourself in all likelihood coming back in from outdoors ? to eliminate all the pollen. Buy air filters in your house that will be able to filtering pollen out of the air. You will further use nasal sprays that clear out your nasal passages to create them freed from embedded pollen. Just be certain you have sufficient ginger in your food regimen, and take a selection of vitamin C everyday. Together along with your various of various therapy, these ought to essentially work to free you out of your allergies.

If that seems simply a little so much out, how about artwork therapy? No, this is not where they present you design to steer you that life is beautiful. They offer you a blank canvas and sign you up for artwork college. Expressing yourself is supposed to be an effective method to feel higher regarding your self and concerning life. It truly works out pretty properly with some people who realize themselves inclined that manner. Within the event you do not see your self with a paintbrush, this final varied drugs despair treatment could be for you ? yoga. The plan goes that the structure equipped by exercise offers you thoughts a motive to hope for higher things. And when you actually to induce all the manner all the way down to exercising, your physique releases endorphins that brighten you up. It should really work with individuals who aren?t really depressed and would possibly at the very least get up and doing.

As for Varied Medicine Homeopathy

Some individuals realize that homeopathy will place a whole cease to spring allergies. And you don?t even have to require maintenance doses. If it is cured, it?s cured. Of all the kinds of other medication, homeopathy tends to sound the strangest. They take the remedy they need to produce you with, and then they dilute it so abundant that there is practically nothing left of the first drug in what you?re given to ingest. What are they trying to try to to? Their thought is that they would like to supply you with medicine that basically create your signs even worse than they are to start out with. It?s simply that they provide you such microscopic portions of that substance that you do not really develop any worse. But the drugs that try to irritate your signs conjointly set your immune system on excessive alert. And you get a pure cure.

Did you ever suppose concerning the likelihood that light might be your ally in your struggle towards melancholy? They name it mild therapy, and they use it to accommodate seasonal affective disorder. That is the kind of melancholy you get when it?s constantly raining or when it is often in snowing exterior in the depths of winter. Light remedy includes treating you with the full spectrum of light colors so that you may finally cheer up. And forsome individuals, it actually works.

Most individuals anticipate the arrival of spring. It?s the time the flowers bloom, the solar shines and it is warm again. For individuals who usually deal with spring allergy symptoms though, it solely scares them to understand that there are flowers blooming. It offers them itching eyes, a runny nostril and endless sniffling and sneezing. After all, you can take antihistamines. However they do not seem to be all that higher than the signs themselves. Initial off, what does it feel like being sleepy on an everyday basis? If you wish to travel with one issue that does not knock you out, injections and steroidal nasal sprays really feel terrible. And you solely get to that time after you bear all of the pores and skin tests. And in the long term, you do not really totally depart your symptoms behind either. Thankfully though, in areas where standard drugs does not extremely work, different medication, homeopathy and others, actually do have one thing to supply.

A homeopathy session does not actually go sort of a regular visit to a health care supplier?s workplace. The session sometimes lasts for not less than an hour. You might be forgiven for wondering in case you?re visiting a psychiatrist?s workplace. They take down all the pieces they will about your medical historical past, your psychological historical past, each thing you feel, and thus on. They have to try to to this to match you to the very best drug attainable ? and they need dozens of them for allergies. They will create these connections between the sort of individual you?re and therefore the disease you wish to be handled for inside the strangest ways that. As an example, when you have got a concern of insects, and you come back in to be handled for a normal spring allergy, they will truly go and accommodate you for the priority of insects and never your allergy. The shocking thing is, it may truly work.

Explore the highly recommended site that provides you with wealth of information.

Source: http://articleshelp.org/alternative-most-cancers-therapy-alternative-remedies-for-bone-most-cancers/

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Yet another reviewer who finds Julius Katz and Archie amazingly fun and entertaining:

Julius Katz and Archie is a wonderfully fun, classic sleuth mystery story that will appeal to a wide audience range. I highly recommend this as the perfect way to relax and indulge in a bit of summer fun!

Read Cafe of Dreams review here.

Interesting that Whitey Bulger claims that while he was a fugitive he came back to Boston a couple of times fully armed to take care of business. With Bulger's capture, I thought I'd reprint the Washington Post's review of Pariah (a book that's the polar opposite of Julius Katz and Archie) by Maureen Corrigan

What a sick puppy of a writer Dave Zeltserman is! I didn't think a suspense story could get any more dark and twisted than Zeltserman's pulp masterpiece of last year, "Small Crimes." In that nasty little immorality tale, a crooked ex-cop bent on redemption gets released from prison and finds out that nobody -- not his ex-wife, not his young daughters, not even his elderly parents -- wants him back. The kicker is that they're right. By the end of "Small Crimes," I was wrung out thanks to the ingeniousness of Zeltserman's nonstop plot twists and the stark meanness of his universe. Now comes "Pariah," a doozy of a doom-laden crime story that not only makes merry with the justice system, but also satirizes those bottom feeders in the publishing industry who would sign Osama bin Laden to a six-figure contract for his memoirs, if only they could figure out which cave to send their lawyers into. If there's any other young writer out there who does crime noir better than Zeltserman, I don't even want to know. As it is, I can barely handle reading him without altogether losing whatever faith I've got left in humanity.
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The antihero of this latest excursion into the underside is Kyle Nevin, a former heavyweight in the South Boston Irish mob. Eight years earlier, Kyle was set up by his former boss, Red Mahoney, to be murdered during a big bank heist; but fate smiled on Kyle, and another guy took the fatal bullet instead. Now, just released from eight years in the slammer, Kyle is out for revenge, sniffing out Mahoney the way a half-starved bloodhound would catch the scent of an underdone Big Mac. As is required in any work of crime noir worth its grit, we readers see the world through Kyle's bloodshot eyes. And here lies Zeltserman's particular brilliance: As a murderous sociopath, Kyle, like his predecessors in the Zeltserman lineup, is so boisterous in his self-justifications (for everything from breaking the little finger of a litterbug to kidnapping a sickly child to burning alive a close relative in his bed) that a reader can't help but laugh at the fervent illogic of it all. Here, for instance, Kyle describes the way he and his reluctant younger brother, Danny, steal a laptop from an unsuspecting "mark" who has just left an upscale Boston coffeehouse:

"I grabbed for the laptop and as the mark realized what was going on and tried to pull back, Danny was out of the car and clocking him on the side of the head with the brick. . . . The reality of the situation, the guy was no more than a hundred and sixty pounds soaking wet, and a slap on the side of the head with an open palm would've done the trick, but I was glad to see Danny use the brick. Not that I cared whether or not some effeminate mochachino-swilling yuppie had his head bashed in, but that type of violence was what I needed to bring the old Danny back."

In Kyle's perspective, the robbery serves as a terrific therapeutic exercise for Danny. And the really sick thing is that the scene is so brazenly buoyant that the reader gets carried along with the moment, too. Hooray! The Nevin Brothers are back! Bad luck for the yuppie who was just at the wrong place at the wrong time, but a good break for Danny and Kyle, who commit the assault in broad daylight on a Boston street, without any witnesses around.

The thing about luck, though, is that it always changes. After that aforementioned kidnapping goes haywire, Kyle dodges another jail term with the help of a principled defense attorney who can barely stand to breathe in his tainted presence. Then, he's offered a fabulous book deal to write a true-crime "fictional novel" of how the kidnapping might have gone down. (Zeltserman is obviously exacting some comic revenge on members of the publishing profession who, like their mobster counterparts, are always trolling for "the big one" and training their beady eyes on the bottom line.) Kyle is set up with a book packager who's supposed to help him bang out the novel in two months. Oprah, the bestsellers lists, European book tours and Hollywood await. Trouble is, Kyle's luck turns. He comes down with a nasty case of writer's block. That's just the very beginning of a long, loopy downward slide into the abyss.

I'd say Zeltserman can't top "Pariah" for its sheer diabolical inventiveness, but he probably will. And given that the corrupting vision of his work is so powerful, I ought to know better than to read the next novel he writes. But I probably will anyway.

Source: http://smallcrimes-novel.blogspot.com/2011/06/julius-katz-and-archie-pariah-whitey.html

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If we were more musically inclined we might write a ballad singing the praises of graphene -- the magical material that can be used in everything from super-fast CPUs to ultra-efficient solar panels. Sadly, the truth is, we're bloggers and not rock stars for a reason, so we'll just entertain ourselves with the Royal Society's Summer Science exhibition on the carbon nano-structure instead. From July 5th through 10th the London-based science center will run a major hands-on exhibit where participants will get a chance to see graphene under a microscope and create their own single layers of of the stuff with nothing more than a pencil and some scotch tape. If getting to the Trafalgar Square-adjacent academy is out of the question, you can always fire up the promotional and educational Graphene Games, which you can download for both Android and iOS at the more coverage links.

The Royal Society wants kids to make graphene, puts the miracle material in games originally appeared on Engadget on Tue, 28 Jun 2011 13:16:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/e73JaWzTJ6E/

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Those who name to clarity Spanish abroad will be left with a capacity to humour a great resources of novel in a internal language. When many people primary cruise of Latin American literature, lively realism as good as a work by Gabriel Garcia Marquez primary comes to mind. However, a shred has a long-standing, charming ?

Source: http://www.submitarticles-free.com/health-and-fitness/aerobics-cardio/does-cardio-make-you-gain-weight/

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Philadelphia Plumbers are extremely great for your plumbing needs in your Philadelphia home. But there are occasions when prevention will be the remedy. Water and sewage treatment cost money. When you lessen water consumption, it can save you on both counts. If you have an older water-guzzling toilet and it also starts to need repairs, provide serious thought to changing it entirely. Rather than spending money on what will probably be a consistent string of fixes, spend wisely and get a reliable fixture that will help you save money on the long run. This is also true for faucets and showerheads. Anytime these require attention, think about changing them with new, water-saving units.

But there?s something that simply cannot be avoided. The clogged kitchen sink may ruin your entire outlook on life. Many homeowners routinely include new sinks and hardware in their long-term home-improvement plans, but too often they substitute basins and fittings without substantially enhancing their drainage. While drain cleaners and solvents are readily available at home-improvement stores and supermarkets, there often comes an occasion when absolutely nothing works but elbow grease ? your personal or the plumber?s.

The primary culprit in most kitchen sink blockages is the typical build-up of cooking greases and fats within the pipe. Substance drain cleaners can help broaden the size that is clogged down with grease, but once a thick sink clog blocks the pipe, you will need more extreme measures. In some instances, conventional sink plungers or newer power plungers can help to save the day. However, you eventually may need to clean the sink trap and pipes with a plumber?s snake or call in a specialist.

Everyone knows the story of the homeowner that experimented with his own plumbing repairs and finished up paying more because the plumber needed to fix the repairs. Recognizing when the job is too big or way too difficult for the normal homeowner is not easy-handyman egos is too quickly bruised. However, plumbers are notoriously costly so you want to make sure you absolutely need one before you call him. There are a number of things you can do to make sure you will keep your costs of plumbing repairs at a minimum.

Try to choose the best three Philadelphia plumbers that you could find. Once you have picked these companies you would like to pick from, call back and ask to speak to the owner of the company. Tell the owner that you?re interviewing three companies to find the one you?d be most comfortable calling on an on-going basis or in an emergency situation. Ask the owner the following question and when you do, listen very carefully to his reply. Ask if his plumber can come to your house to perform a ?FREE HOME INSPECTION? of the plumbing and heating systems. If you feel any doubt to perform the ?free home inspection? this can be the wrong service company for you. A smart ?customer oriented? business owner would certainly consider that invitation a great possibility to make an impression on a new, possible client.

Learning more about precisely how outstanding Philadelphia plumbers can help may very well be most suitable to any person eventually. You can find more information online about benefits of working with a plumber Philadelphia for yourself.

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Waa kuma Raiisal wasaaraha Cusub ee Somaliya Dr Cabdi Wali M. Ali .
posted by: Axmed Kulan

Permanent Address

Abdiweli M. Ali, Ph.D.

Associate Professor of Economics

P. O Box 403

Niagara University, NY 14109

(716)-286-8179 (W)

amali@niagara.edu?Summary of Qualifications

Extensive experience in teaching, research, statistics, growth and development, international political economy, international economics, Money and Banking, applied macroeconomics, applied microeconomics, monetary theory and policy, public choice and public finance.

Education

Ph.D. in Economics, January 2000,?George Mason University Fairfax, VA

Concentration: Applied microeconomics, applied macroeconomics, public finance, public choice, and monetary theory.

MA in Public Administration, June 1999, Kennedy School of Government,Harvard University Cambridge, MA

Concentration: Project appraisal and management, environmental economics, taxation and public finance.

Certificate in Taxation, June 1999,?International Tax Program,?Harvard University Law School Cambridge, MA

Concentration: Transfer pricing, comparative income taxation, comparative tax administration, value-added tax, tax design and tax administration, tax analysis and revenue forecasting.

MA in Economics, 1988, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN

Concentration: Economic development and international trade. BA in Economics (highest honors), 1984, Somali National University Mogadishu, Somalia

Seminars Forecasting Methods and Applications: Institute for Professional Education, Nov. 12-14, 2001, Arlington, VA

Basic SAS: Software Seminars, Inc, August 21-23rd, 2000, Richmond, VA

Basic Skills for New Supervisors: Academy for Staff Development, Sep-Oct. 2000 Richmond, VA.

Public finance and expenditure: International Monetary Fund Institute, June-August 1989, Washington, DC

Project Management and Evaluation: Management Training and Development Institute, July 1988, Washington, DC

1

Refereed Publications

In Colombia, It is All about Institutions,?Revista Civilizar de Empresa Y Economia, Vol. 1, December 2009-June 2010, pp. 23-35.

A sensitivity analysis approach on the effect of foreign aid on growth, with (Hodan Isse and Bill Peek),?Journal of Applied Business and Economics, Vol. 10 (3), pp. 97-110, 2009.

How robust is the effect of foreign aid on growth, with (Hodan Isse and Bill Peek),Journal of Business and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 20, pp. 4-14, Fall 2009 (Lead Article).

The determinants of crime in Virginia: An empirical analysis (with Bill Peek), forthcoming in?Contemporary Issues in Educational Research, Vol. 2 (4), pp. 1-11, 2009 (Lead Article).

Foreign aid and free trade and their effect on income: A Panel Analysis (with Hodan Isse),?Journal of Developing Areas, 2007, Vol. 41(1), pp. 127-14.

Bureaucracy and charities: The economics of private voluntary aid,?Journal of Business and Economic Research, 2007, Vol. 5 (2), pp. 73-78.

An empirical analysis of the determinants of foreign aid: A panel approach (with Hodan Isse),?International Advances in Economic Research, 2006, Vol. 12 (2), pp. 241-250.?Cited by 6.

The unvarnished views of a radical economist,?Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 2005, Vol. 10 (3), pp. 97-105.

Fiscal policy and economic growth: the effect of fiscal volatility,?Journal of Business and Economics Research, 2005, Vol. 3 (5), pp. 17-25.

An empirical analysis of the effect of aid on growth (With Hodan Isse),International Advances in Economic Research, 2005, Vol. 11 (1), pp. 1-11,Lead Article.?Cited by 6.

Democracy and durability: empirical analysis and causality test,?Atlantic Economic Journal, 2005, Vol. 33 (1), pp. 105-114.

Is democracy a prerequisite for political stability??International Business and Economics Research Journal, October 2004, Vol. 3 (10), pp. 39-47,?Won the Best Paper Award.

Political freedom and the stability of economic policy (with Hodan Isse),?Cato Journal, (Fall 2004), Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 251-60.?Cited by 7

Determinants of economic corruption: A cross-country comparison (with Hodan Isse),?Cato Journal, Winter Issue 2003, Vol. 22 (3), pp. 449-64.?Cited by 58

Institutional differences as sources of growth differences,?Atlantic Economic Journal, 2003, Vol. 31(4): pp. 348-62.?Cited by 16

Institutional distortions, economic freedom and growth (with Mark Crain),?Cato Journal, Winter Issue 2002, Vol. 21 (3), pp. 415-26.?Cited by 63

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Political regimes, economic freedom, institutions and growth (with Mark Crain),Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice, 2001, Vol. XIX (1), pp. 3-22,Lead Article.?Cited by 13

Political stability, stable economic policies and growth: an empirical investigation,Atlantic Economic Journal, March Issue 2001, Vol. 29, pp. 87-106.?Won the 2001 Best Article Award. Cited by 13

Economic freedom, democracy and growth,?Journal of Private Enterprise, 1997, vol. 13, pp. 1-20, Lead Article.?Cited by 30.

Other Publications

Freedom, policy stability and economic growth among nations, Ph.D. Dissertation, 1999.

The possibility of tax reform program in Somalia, MA Thesis, 1988.

Refereed Conference Proceedings

Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth: Volatility Vs. The Levels, Conference on Emerging Issues in International Accounting, Padua, Italy, June 24-26, 2004.

Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth: The Effect of Fiscal Volatility, European Applied Business Research Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, June 14-18, 2004.

Is Democracy a Prerequisite for Political Stability? (Won the Best Paper Award), European Applied Business Research Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, June 14-18, 2004.

Conference Presentations

Inequality and Economic Growth: An Empirical Analysis, Presented at 17th Annual Conference of the American Society of Business and Behavioral Science, Las Vegas, NV, February 18-21, 2010.

A Sensitivity Analysis Approach of the Effect of Aid on Growth, presented at the 65th International Atlantic Economic Conference, Warsaw, Poland, on April 9-13 2008

Foreign Aid, Poverty, and Growth, presented at the 63rd International Atlantic Economic Conference, Madrid, Spain, on March 14-18 2007.

How Robust is the Effect on Aid on Growth, presented at the 61st International Atlantic Economic Conference, Berlin, Germany, on March 15-19, 2006

Foreign aid and free Trade and their effect on income: A Panel Analysis, presented at the 59th International Atlantic Economic Conference, London, UK, on March 9-13, 2005.

The Determinants of Foreign Aid, Presented at The 57th International Atlantic Economic Conference, Lisbon, Portugal, on March 10-14, 2004.

Institutional differences as sources of growth differences, presented at the annual meeting of the International Atlantic Economic Society, Washington, DC, October 10-13, 2002.

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Determinants of Economic Corruption, Presented at ATLAS 35th Workshop, Caracas, Venezuela, November 24-26, 1999.

Growth, Economic Freedom and Further Research, Presented at the Economic Freedom Network Annual Conference, Vancouver, Canada, October 20-21, 1999.

Stability, credibility, economic freedom and growth, presented at the annual meeting of the Association of Private Enterprise Education in Dallas, TX, April 5-7, 1998.

Economic freedom, institutions, and growth, presented at the annual meeting of the Southern Economic Association in Atlanta, Georgia, November 21-23, 1997.

Other Presentations

Comparative Development: Differences and Commonalities among Developing Countries, Presented at Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, May 13-14, 2009.

Globalization and World Trade, Presented at Busoga University, Kampala, Uganda, May 15, 2009.

The Importance of Institutions in Nation Building: A Workshop for Somali-Nordic Communities, Helsinki, Finland, May 2-3, 2009.

Somali Diaspora in North America Changing the American Landscape, One City at a Time: Challenges, Successes and Setbacks, Presented at Spanga Tensta, Stadsdel, Sweden, April 29, 2009.

The Myth of Return: Can Education Bridge the Gap Between the Ideal and the Real, Presented at the Somali European Youth Seminar, Stockholm, Sweden, April 29-May 5, 2009.

The Challenges Facing Somalia: A Voice of America Seminar, Presented at Voice of America, Washington, DC, February 18, 2009.

Taxation: General Issues and Concepts, Presented at Sergio Arboleda University, Bogota and Santa Marta, Colombia, March 30-April 5, 2008.

Modern Monetary Policy and Challenges Facing Central Bankers, Presented at Sergio Arboleda University, Bogota and Santa Marta, Colombia, March 30-April 5, 2008.

The International Economy and Globalization, Presented at Sergio Arboleda University, Bogota and Santa Marta, Colombia, March 30-April 5, 2008.

Human Rights and Civil War in Somalia: Stories from a Forgotten Country, Presented at MIT Amnesty International, Boston, MA, February 15, 2008.

Honors

1998-1999?Joel Leff Fellowship of Political Economy, Kennedy School of Government,?Harvard University

1996-1998?Bradley Fellowship, Center for Study of Public Choice,?George Mason University

Bradley Fellowship, Center for Study of Public Choice,?George Mason University

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Bradley Fellowship, Department of Economics,?George Mason University

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1986-1988?AFGRAD Fellowship, Department of Economics,?Vanderbilt University Awards

2009-2010 Summer Research Grant by the Research Council of Niagara University on ?Inequality and Economic Growth.?

2007-2008 Summer Research Grant by the Research Council of Niagara University on ?Corruption, Economic Growth, and Environmental Quality: An Empirical Analysis.?

2006-2007 Summer Research Grant by the Research Council of Niagara University on ?Foreign Aid, Poverty and Growth.?

2005-2006 Summer Research Grant by the Research Council of Niagara University on ?How Robust is the Effect of Foreign Aid on Economic Growth.?

2004-2005 Summer Research Grant by the Research Council of Niagara University on ?An Empirical Analysis of the Determinants of Foreign Aid: A Panel Approach.?

The 2005-2006 Excellence in Research Award, College of Business Administration, Niagara University, May 2006.

The 2003-2004 Excellence in Research Award, College of Business Administration, Niagara University, May 2004.

The 2001 Best Article Award, Atlantic Economic Journal, October 2002.

The Best Paper Award, European Applied Business Research Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, June 2004.?Teaching and Academic Experience

08/20/2003-Present

Niagara University, Department of Commerce, Lewiston, NY

Associate Professor of Economics

Taught Advanced Quantitative Methods: The course stresses practical applications of statistics to business. Topics covered include factor analysis, nonparametric statistics, chi square, multiple regression, time series analysis, and statistical process control. Each student is required to complete a project using statistics in solving a realistic business problem.

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Taught Managerial Economics: This course is a combined Microeconomics and Macroeconomic analysis. The microeconomic component of the course examines decision making by the individual economic unit, addressing such topics as: demand and supply, price and output determination, cost behavior, profit maximization, and competition. The macroeconomic component examines models to explain: national output, inflation, and unemployment; and how fiscal and monetary policies stabilize the economy.

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Taught Money and Banking: This course covers the functioning of the money and banking system and its relationship with the rest of the economy. The course considers the nature of money, the markets that allocate money to a variety of uses, the institutions that create and

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control the money stock, the flow of money and how it is related to employment levels, GDP, inflation and interest rates, and international financial matters. Much attention is paid to problems and issues requiring the attention of policymakers. Special attention is given to the role of the Federal Reserve System as it affects the economy through the monetary policy.

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Taught Intermediate Microeconomics: This course covers intermediate level microeconomics theory relevant to business decision-making. The course is intended to give students an understanding of the economic environment within which businesses operate and to help you to learn to use economics to analyze the reasons for business decision-making and how economic decisions are generally made.

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Taught Economic Growth and Development: This course introduce students to the study of the process of modern economic development. In doing so, it examines how standard micro-and macro-economic theories apply in the presence of the market failures and weak formal institutions that characterize developing countries. In the course of defining what development is, economists and social scientists use terms like poverty, inequality, illiteracy, quality of life, etc. Economic theory provides the fundamentals, a skeleton that can best serve as the framework for discussions about economic development. At the completion of this course, students will have a better understanding of what is meant by ?development.? Students will also be familiar with several theories of development, and what implications they have for this important part of the world. Finally, this course will not focus on any country or region in particular, but will present the experiences of a number of countries to illustrate major points.

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Taught Global Economics: This course examines the interdependence of economies to explain macroeconomic developments in a global context. Models are developed to explain Gross Domestic Product, unemployment, inflation, interest rates, exchange rates, and how economic policy at the national level is impacted by economic policy and economic conditions abroad. This course examines capital markets, foreign exchange markets, and labor markets in both a national and international context. Case studies and current economic developments are examined in a global perspective.

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6/99-8/99

Harvard University Cambridge, MA

Teaching Fellow, Harvard Institute for International Development (HIID)

Assisted the core faculty in teaching the summer executive program on environmental economics and policy analysis (EEPA). My assignment was to teach and assist with the research projects of students taking the methods track (which is heavy in economic theory and quantitative methods).

Prepared course material for class presentation.

Held after class review sessions and if necessary one-on-one tutoring.

Graded problem sets, homework assignments and final course papers.

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9/98-6/99

Harvard University Cambridge, MA

Teaching fellow, John F. Kennedy School of Government

Assisted the core faculty in teaching a graduate level course: markets and market failures. The course was microeconomics applied to policy issues. It applied microeconomic reasoning to public issues, policies, and programs. It considered economic incentives and organizations; models of economic behavior, including markets, the absence of markets, and interventions in markets; the price system and how it works; and policy objectives and instruments.

Prepared course material for class discussion.

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Held after class review sessions and if necessary one-to-one tutoring.

Graded problem sets, homework assignments and term papers.

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1/93-5/98

Northern Virginia Community College Alexandria, VA

Adjunct Professor of Economics, Department of Social Science and Public Service

Taught principles of economics: microeconomics and macroeconomics. These courses covered a wide range of economic concepts. The macroeconomic course covered aggregate economic activity including national income and output, unemployment, money, and inflation. The microeconomic course covered economic behavior at the level of individual households and firms. It presented topics that include scarcity and choice, demand and supply, production and cost, and product and factor markets.

Advised students about the course material and other academic problems.

Demonstrated good and effective teaching methods.

Received outstanding evaluations from students year after year.

Assisted the department in student data collection, enrollment analysis and forecasting.

Non-academic Work Experience

6/2000-8/2003

Commonwealth of Virginia, Richmond, VA

Research and Forecast Manager

Serve as a Project Manager for preparation of the annual state responsible inmate admission and population forecasts using explanatory models, time series models, and simulation techniques.

Collect, analyze and organize data for statewide state responsible population forecast.

Attend policy and Technical forecasting committee meetings, briefing committees on forecasting issues and methodology.

Develop forecast and present forecast to committee members.

Obtained various Data needed for forecasting, develop and maintain databases for research needs and create final forecasting and accuracy reports.

Prepare tables, charts, and written research reports depicting results of statistical analyses.

Present research findings to various policy makers and practitioners.

Explain research methods and findings, interpreting findings in a manner appropriate for particular audiences.

Assist the agency data analysis, interpretation and presentation to different state agencies.

Produce annual forecasting and prepare monthly accuracy forecast reports. Coordinate, compile, edit and document the entire complex forecasting work done by various state agencies.

Responsible for the design and implementation of program evaluation studies.

Serve as Project Manager for preparation of fiscal legislative impact studies.

Supervise data management activities to ensure database integrity.

Member, Technical Advisory Committee of the Secretary of Public Safety.

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10/88-1/91

Ministry of Finance and Revenue Mogadishu, Somalia

Assistant Director, Research and Statistics

o Initiated a comprehensive study of Somalia?s tax structure, design and administration.

o Evaluated the impact of alternative taxes on saving, investment and income distribution.

o Collected data of potential taxpayers to assess tax capacity, tax arrears and tax gaps.

o Forecasted tax revenues using ARIMA modeling, Typical Taxpayer micro-simulation modeling, and GDP-based Macro-simulation model.

o Forecasted tax revenues and proposed necessary changes to the Minister.

o Proposed a more flexible tax system that is responsive to taxpayer concerns.

o Helped create an efficient and customer friendly tax environment

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2/85-8/86

Ministry of Finance and Revenue Mogadishu, Somalia

Director, Excise Tax Department

o Assisted the director in the assessment, supervision, and the collection of excise tax.

o Monitored and motivated employees reach targeted revenues.

o Mediated and solved disputes between taxpayers and tax assessors.

o Facilitated inter-departmental exchange of taxpayer information.

o Helped the director introduce the necessary changes to make the excise tax system an instrument of stabilization and resource mobilization.

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Consulting Work

6/2008-8/2008

Consultant for the UNDP-QUEST program, Puntland, Somalia

The QUEST initiative, modelled after the UNDP global initiative of Transfer of Knowledge Through Expatriate Nationals (TOKTEN), which encourages expatriate nationals to volunteer their expertise in the service of their homelands for short periods of time, proposes to bring the skills of Somali professionals in the diaspora to Somalia on a short-term, voluntary basis. By doing so, three major needs are addressed:

reducing the brain drain
supporting lasting peace in Somalia
increasing participation of the Somali diaspora in the creation of a conducive environment for sustainable human development.

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Through the project, diaspora expertise is infused into the national development process and assist key service provider institutions in the social and governance sectors to improve their efficiency and effectiveness in delivering social services and building best practices of management. The duration of deployment of Diaspora experts ranges from 3-12 months and experts are hired and evaluated by the recipient organization, though paid by UNDP (air fare and living allowance). In this way, the project contributes to deploying Somali expertise to Somali organizations utilizing the unique perspectives, technical skills, cultural knowledge and sensitivity of Somali professionals from the diaspora, thus reducing the dependency on international experts in development programs and Somali institutions.

Under this program, I taught economics at Puntland State University in Garowe, Somalia. I also provided lectures to the faculty of business administration through the training of the trainers program. Helped also the university on curriculum development.

11/2005-3/2006

UNDP, Somalia Nairobi, Kenya

Consultant for the Joint Needs Assessment (JNA) on Fiscal Framework in the Macroeconomic Cluster

?.??????????????? The Economic Policy (EP) Cluster within the Joint Needs Assessment (JNA) had the overall responsibility to assess economic policy and management in Somalia. The EP Cluster is divided into 6 sub-clusters (Stability and Growth; Public Financial Management; Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations; Civil Service Institutions; Monetary Policy and Financial Institutions; Data Development). Assessing the fiscal framework needed in Somalia for growth and stability is an integral part of the sub cluster on Stability and Growth.

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?.??????????????? Undertook an in-depth assessment of the existing fiscal framework and other financing structures: Budgets for development plans, User fees for schooling, health service, etc. and other financing structures in Somalia

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?.??????????????? Assessed the scope for increasing taxation in Somalia (including forecast of public revenue annually for 2007-2011), built on a review of the effectiveness of existing taxation, the effectiveness of user fees and other financing structures currently in use in Somalia, and a proposal for JNA financing 2007-2011, and the current pro-poor and non-JNA expenditures, and a suggestion of the amount of necessary expenditures outside of JNA.

?.??????????????? Assessed the possibility of designing a tax system that is both efficient and equitable; a tax system that is responsive and conducive to economic activity in Somalia; a tax system that is simple and taxpayer friendly.

?.??????????????? We put together a framework for a tax system that is both economically and politically feasible but also easy to administer.

?.??????????????? Assessed the need to establish a tax code that is simple and transparent; a tax code conducive to resource mobilization both foreign direct investment and domestic revenue generation.

?.??????????????? Assessed the revenue generating capacity; total tax-GDP ratio; and the potential tax base vs. actual tax collections (tax gaps).

?.??????????????? Assessed tax gaps and proposed solutions and addressed the issue of fiscal federalism.

?.??????????????? Assessed the need for implementing a tax analysis and revenue forecasting system to assure that the budget is based on a predictable and reliable revenue data.

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11/2005-Present

Resource Person for the African Economic Research Consortium Nairobi, Kenya

?.??????????????? Reviewed new PhD thesis proposals for students in degree-awarding universities in Africa entailing an assessment of the clarity of the research problem, familiarity with relevant literature, soundness of the conceptual framework and methodology, clarity of the proposal, soundness of the statement of the problem and project design, contribution to knowledge and articulation of methods used to arrive at various conclusions in the works. We also assess the technical feasibility of the project consistent with a 12-month research cycle, and likely usefulness of the research in informing policy.

?.??????????????? Help students undertake a good research so the students will know what data to collect, what method(s) is/are to be used in data collection and analysis, and?seminal and other important literature to be consulted in, say, sample designs, gathering data, or writing the thesis. Our guidance will also assist supervisors in overseeing the preparations of thesis by students.

?.??????????????? Resource persons are also expected to write down?critical points on the theses proposals and/or papers?points that will form the resource persons?critical reports on the theses. These reports are then submitted to the Manager of the program for onward feedback in writing to the concerned students and supervisors. Among other things, the report covers whether the thesis proposal or paper is satisfactory and can lead to a good thesis (a distinct contribution to knowledge); what specific changes (if any) need to be made to improve the thesis research the student is to carry out (or has carried out); and in the case of any thesis proposal or paper that we assess as ?unsatisfactory?, what are the revisions required so as to shape the future presentations by the students.

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Special Skills

Language Skills: English, Arabic, Italian, and Somali.

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Computer Skills: Windows, Access, Lotus, Excel, Shazam, Eviews, SAS, SPSS, and Stata.

Membership American Economic Association, Southern Economic Association, Atlantic Economic Society, Public Choice Society, and the Association of Private Enterprise Education.

Personal Dynamic, organized and detail oriented with strong motivational and supervisory skills. Project management and evaluation experience.

Traveled throughout Africa, Europe, Middle East and USA.

References

Professor Jack Helmuth, Former Dean 810-762-3164

jhelmuth@umflint.edu

Professor Dan Tompkins, Dept. Chairman 716-286-8157

dlt@niagara.edu

Professor W. Mark Crain Dissertation Director 610-330-5315

crainm@lafayette.edu

Professor Walter E. Williams Professor 703-993-1148

wwilliam@gmu.edu

Professor David Ellwood Supervisor at Harvard 617-495-1121David_ellwood@harvard.edu

Ali-vita-Oct-2010

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Source: http://www.togaherer.com/2011/06/23/waa-kuma-raiisal-wasaaraha-cusub-ee-somaliya-dr-cabdi-wali-m-ali/

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firdeegi

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) ? Two antidepressants appear to be associated with a small risk of birth defects, according to a new analysis based on national data from Finland.

Specifically, the researchers found that women taking fluoxetine (Prozac) and paroxetine (Paxil) were slightly more likely to give birth to babies with specific types of heart defects.

But these results do not mean the drugs are never safe in pregnancy, cautioned study author Dr. Heli Malm.

The study does not show that the drugs themselves caused the birth defects, for one, and any risk - if it exists - would be small: affecting just 105 out of 10,000 babies born to mothers taking fluoxetine, and 31 out of 10,000 babies from mothers taking paroxetine.

Still, fluoxetine, paroxetine, and similar types of antidepressants - known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors -- "should only be used during pregnancy when clearly indicated," Malm told Reuters Health. "However, when clearly indicated, they seem to be relatively safe."

Consequently, there may be some instances in which it's safer for women with depression to stay on the drugs during their pregnancy, said Malm, based at the Teratology Information Service in the Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Finland. "The absolute risk for the specific cardiac malformations is small and ensuring the mother's well-being is important."

Between 3 and 6 percent of women take SSRIs during pregnancy, raising concerns over whether these drugs pose risks to the baby.

The data have so far been somewhat conflicting, although some studies have already linked SSRIs to higher-than-average, though small, risks of certain birth defects. One study of nearly half a million Danish children found an increased risk of heart defects among those whose mothers had used SSRIs such as fluoxetine (Prozac), but also sertraline (Zoloft) and citalopram (Celexa).

Last year, a study among 12,700 U.S. infants found that mothers who used bupropion (Wellbutrin) during early pregnancy had more than double the risk of heart defects known as left outflow tract defects, compared with infants whose mothers had not used the drug.

During the latest study, Malm and her colleagues reviewed national data collected about 635,583 births that occurred between 1996 and 2006.

They found that mothers who took fluoxetine during early pregnancy were more likely to give birth to babies with isolated ventricular septal defects, in which they have a hole between the left and right sides of the heart. Babies whose mothers took paroxetine in early pregnancy were more likely to be born with right ventricular outflow tract defects, which affect the flow of blood from the heart's right chambers to the rest of the body.

Specifically, among 10,000 babies born to women who didn't take SSRIs, 7 developed a right ventricular outflow tract defect. But among the same number of babies born to women taking paroxetine, 31 had the heart defect.

For fluoxetine, 105 out of 10,000 exposed babies developed isolated ventricular septal defects, which were diagnosed in only 49 of 10,000 unexposed babies.

There also appeared to be a slight increased risk of neural tube defects among babies exposed to SSRIs - 22 out of 10,000 exposed babies were born with the defect, versus only 9 out of 10,000 babies born to moms who didn't take SSRIs.

Babies born to mothers taking the antidepressants were also significantly more likely to have disorders related to alcohol, the authors report in the journal Obstetrics & Gynecology. "The only explanation to this finding is that alcohol consumption is more abundant among women using SSRIs," said Malm. "This may result from psychiatric problems."

Even if certain antidepressants pose risks during pregnancy, so might untreated depression, noted Dr. Mette Norgaard at Aarhus University Hospital in Denmark, who reviewed the findings for Reuters Health.

"To the best of my knowledge no studies have examined how untreated depression will affect the fetus and the maternal health during pregnancy and most likely it is not safe to have an untreated depression," the researcher said in an email. "I would recommend women who are taking SSRIs and are already pregnant or are planning to become pregnant to talk to their doctor on how they should continue treatment."

One caution, added Norgaard, is that women taking SSRIs may be "in closer contact with the healthcare system," making it easier for doctors to diagnose mild malformations in their babies. "It is thus possible that more infants whose mothers used SSRIs are diagnosed with milder forms of congenital malformations that will remain undetected or become detected later in life in unexposed infants."

SOURCE: http://bit.ly/jaK9No Obstetrics & Gynecology, July 2011.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/diseases/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20110624/hl_nm/us_risks_antidepressants_pregnancy

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firdeegi

SOFIA (AFP) ? Conservation group WWF on Friday hailed a 100 billion euro boost for Europe's Danube region, saying the EU plan would "showcase a modern, green society."

The EU Danube Strategy, aimed at protecting the region while developing its economic potential, was expected to win endorsement Friday at the EU summit in Brussels.

"A hundred million euros ($140 million) properly invested has the potential to transform the Danube region into a showcase of a modern, prosperous and green society that develops together and protects its enormous natural capital, instead of destroying it," the WWF said.

WWF freshwater policy officer Sergey Moroz, based in Sofia, said investment was needed to restore floodplains, protect biodiversity and create more energy-efficient buildings.

The sum has already been allocated to the region from the EU Cohesion Fund covering the 2007-13 period.

"There is a huge potential out there; it is up to us to build on it or destroy it," Moroz said in a statement.

The strategy has been a key priority for Hungary during its EU presidency ending June 30.

The programme includes Hungary and fellow EU members Germany, Austria, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Slovenia, Romania and Bulgaria, as well as six others -- Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Moldova and Ukraine.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/pets/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20110624/sc_afp/euenvironmentdanube

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firdeegi

Greetings and welcome to the first edition of My So-Called Life Lessons, in which I watch each episode of the groundbreaking teen drama and share with you what it has taught me, an adult, as a first-time viewer!

Of course, we here at FYA don?t expect you to watch or read anything without the accompaniment of your favorite adult beverage, so if you missed the Official Drinking Game Rules, you can find them here, now updated with reader suggestions!

Alright class, let?s go see what we learned today, shall we?

Episode 1: Pilot

In which we are introduced to Angela Chase. ?Angela, who has ?before this episode begins? apparently been a perfect daughter and model student. ?But as she begins a friendship with the ?wild? Rayanne Graff (I mean, these girls giggle, and run around asking people for change to call their mothers ?AS A JOKE. Clearly bad news.) her former BFF Sharon is left waiting (and judging) in the wings. ?Angela concerns her parents (er, mother) by doing really rebellious things like dropping out of being on the yearbook committee, dying her hair ?crimson glow? and rolling her eyes. ?Unbeknownst to her parents, Angela is also lusting heartily after one Jordan Catalano.

Drinks Taken:

21 drinks

2 chugs

3 shots

Things I learned About Going to High School:

Much like love, school is a battlefield. For ?your heart.

Even back in the 1990?s, it was okay for a boy to be in the girls? bathroom. ?As long as he?s gay.

Much like I guessed, if we made a book of what really happened in high school, it would be a really upsetting book.

Grunge rules. ?Except actual real grunge. Like, on your dress. ?When you?ve been pushed into the mud.

Life Lessons Gleaned:

It?s really easy to fluster your parents.

Dads like breasts, it doesn?t matter who they?re on (Um, EWW).

Sometimes, you close your eyes because it hurts to look at things. ?Or it could be the pot.

It?s apparently totally okay for that boy who lives next door to you to take sneaky pictures of you in class like a creeper, because in amazing class montages, he has all of the answers to the teachers? questions.

That even your mom never dreamed that she would sound like such a bitch.

That being trapped in an attic for 3 years with a guy you really like just might make you one lucky lady, but the lack of meat in school lunches is destroying America.

Sometimes, parents don?t actually see what?s going on in front of them, but if they?d listen to their children, they might realize that they are just trying to keep everyone happy, while their spouse is just super uptight and self-centered.

The leaning cute boy, hot as he is, is dumb as a post.

That bitchy moms, if they?d stop being bitchy for a second, might not have to ask why they always have to be the mean one.

Sometimes, when friends think you ?ought to know? what people are saying about you, you really oughten.

If you finish somebody?s cheese, you will be labeled as rude.

Putting the word ?obviously? before statements like ?she lives with her mother, so obviously her mother will be there? is only a stretch of the truth.

Sometimes, it?s hard to get into raves. ?But it?s fun to get drunk with your friends in parking lots.

And even when they get into trouble, your friends will remember that thing that means so much to you, that you know that even though they?re sometimes more trouble than not, they still love you. ?And that means everything.

If you?re ever semi-arrested, just talk about literature to the cop driving you home. ?Then they?ll ?just hand you over to the kid hanging out in a tree (near your bedroom window?) reading with a flashlight outside your house (like a creeper) instead of turning you in to your parents. ?Even though one of your parents might be doing something very naughty, and you see them doing it.

Everybody?s looking for their real parents.

Sometimes, there?s nothing like being held by your mom.

Everybody hurts. Sometimes.

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Thursday, June 30, 2011

Lagarde wins IMF top job, presses Greece on crisis (Reuters)

The magic of cosmetic surgery | Article Resource - Best Article ...

Sports Sunglasses Polarized | Skateboarding

Wellness Keys ? Improvement Spiritual Therapy, Self-Recovery and Life

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Wednesday, June 29, 2011

Small Crimes: Julius Katz and Archie, Pariah, Whitey Bulger

The Royal Society wants kids to make graphene, puts the miracle material in games

Does Cardio Make You Gain Weight? | Submit Articles

Tuesday, June 28, 2011

When You Should Call The Philadelphia Plumbers

Venezuela tells foes "stop dreaming" of Chavez death (Reuters)

Sunday, June 26, 2011

TogaHerer News Network ? Waa kuma Raiisal wasaaraha Cusub ee ...

Waa kuma Raiisal wasaaraha Cusub ee Somaliya Dr Cabdi Wali M. Ali .
posted by: Axmed Kulan

Some small risks to antidepressants in pregnancy (Reuters)

Saturday, June 25, 2011

Danube plan will create 'green showcase': WWF (AFP)

Forever Young Adult, a community for adult YA readers to find book ...

experienced and first-time travelers have discovered the joys of ...

Ask and Answer Questions in Today's Help Yourself Thread [Help Yourself]

Friday, June 24, 2011

Why Internet Marketing Is Necessary

Thursday, June 30, 2011

Wednesday, June 29, 2011

Tuesday, June 28, 2011

Sunday, June 26, 2011

Waa kuma Raiisal wasaaraha Cusub ee Somaliya Dr Cabdi Wali M. Ali .posted by: Axmed Kulan

Saturday, June 25, 2011

Friday, June 24, 2011

Waa kuma Raiisal wasaaraha Cusub ee Somaliya Dr Cabdi Wali M. Ali .
posted by: Axmed Kulan